Industrial+Revolution


 * 1. Why I should care?**

The [|industrial revolution] was the time period that rapidly changed trade, transportation, occupations, power, and other technologies. It was the era that effectively started the modernization of Europe and the United States to make them the leading urban, industrial, and modern countries in the world.

-vaccinations
 * 2. Key terms:**
 * capital-money
 * entrepreneurs-find new ways to make profits i a laissez-faire market economy
 * socialism- society owns and controls some means of production such as factories
 * Liberalism-people should be as free as possible from government restraint
 * cottage industry- individuals spun thread and wove it into cloth in their rural cottages
 * enclosure movement laws- fenced off common lands forcing many peasants to move to towns
 * puddling- process in which coke derived from coal is used to burn away impurities in crude iron to produce high quality iron.
 * Industrial capitalism- an economic system based on industrial production, rose during the Industrial Revolution and produced a new middle class group.
 * Principle of Intervention- Said the great powers had the right to send armies into countries where there were revolutions in order to restore legitimate monarchs to their thrones
 * Conservation- Based on the tradition and value of social stability
 * Bill of Rights-Liberals believe that all freedoms should be guaranteed by a written document such at the bill of rights.
 * Universal Male Suffrage- This meant that all adult males now had the right to vote.
 * Militarism- This now meant that there was now a reliance on military strength.
 * Emancipation-This freed the surfs from any owner that they had.
 * Secularization- This was the indifference to or rejection of religion in the affairs of the world.
 * 3. Important topics**
 * [|Industrial Revolution].
 * **Advancements**
 * new global relationships
 * no limits on energy use anymore
 * railroads- stimulated the economy by providing cheap and efficient transportation which lowered the carriage cost of goods. Outcomes: greater income disparity,england becomes the major power in Europe, and capitalism beats out mercantilism as the way to run a country.
 * teleographs
 * standarized weights/measurements
 * improve on public health
 * Ag revolution: lead to more dependable food supplies, ending famine, and bette nutriton.


 * New Inventions:**
 * Spinning Jenny- invented by James Hargreaves and it spins thread faster than the weavers could so he spinning process became faster.
 * [|water powered loom]water-powered loom- invented by Edmund Cartwright. The weaving cloth could catch up with the spinning thread. Weavers coud keep pace with the surplus of yarn produced by new spinning machines.
 * [|paddle-wheel steamboat]- invented by Robert Fulton. It made transportation easier on waterways.
 * combustible engine-an engine in which the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion chamber
 * railroads-tracks that locomotives ride on
 * [|steam engine]steam engine- Thomas Savory patented the first steam enginge-engine used to power machines using steam produced by burning of coal

1. Agarian revolution began and changed agricultural practices. 2. The population grew due to increased food supply. 3. They had alot of capital to invest in new machines and factories. 4. They had many natural resources. > 5. They had many markets to get them supplies.
 * 5 Factors that made Great Britain the starting place of the revolution

Because of the new steam engines that require coal to run, coal became a very popular fuel source, always in demand.

A new material was produced: iron. Iron was used for strength in new machines, and improving old ones.
 * Uses of iron include plows, new steam engines, and railroad tracks.

Lifestyles and jobs changed in drastic ways, not always for the better.
 * High demand for labor
 * Large amounts of migration
 * The whole family worked
 * Child labor became popular with underpaid, overworked, unfairly treated job positions with horrible conditions.
 * Many people moved to rural cities where new businesses were forming.

Many new changes in trade emerged.
 * Faster and more efficient forms of transportation were developed like steamboats and trains.
 * Cottage industries went down because of the new corporate industries, where merchants began to get their goods.
 * Sweets became more popular as sugar cane became a large import of Europe.
 * Railroads went from small forms of travel to a country-wide form of transport. It was cheaper, faster, and more efficient, lowering the costs of goods and causing more people to buy them.

The final outcomes of the Industrial revolution:
 * A greater income disparity is created. The haves and have-nots in society.
 * England becomes the strongest power in England and eventually the world.
 * Capitalism beats out mercantilism as the way to run the country.

[|james watt]James Watt-** scottish engineer who improved the steam engine so it could drive machinery. he is considered a creative genius who radically transformed the world from an agricultural society into an industrial one.
 * 4. Key actors:
 * Robert fulton-**built the first paddle wheel steam boat
 * Robert owne-** believed that humans would show their natural goodness if they lived in a cooperative environment
 * James Hargreaves-** invented the [|spinning jenny]**Edmund Cartwright-** invented water-powered loom


 * 5. Timeline:**
 * 1780**- The Revolution began
 * 1764-** Spinning jenny was invented
 * 1787-** Water-powerd loom created
 * 1782**- Steam engine produced