Renaissance+and+Reformation


 * 1. Why I should care?

2. Key terms:**
 * mercenaries- soldiers who sold their service to the highest bidder.
 * humanism- study of the classics, the literacy works on ancient Greece and Rome. Studied grammar rhetoric, poetry, moral philosophy, and history.
 * fresco- painting done on fresh, wet plaster with water-based paints.
 * salvation- acceptance into Heaven
 * indulgence- a person could gain this by paying something to the church, the person was released from all part of the punishment for sin.
 * [|Ninety-five Theses]- a list sent from Martin Luther to his church superiors. They were a stunning attack on abuses in the sale of indulgences. Thousands of copies were printed and spread to all parts of Germany.
 * Edict of Worms- Declared Luther as an outlaw within the Roman empire. Luther was to be captured but he escaped into hiding until 1522
 * predestination- belief the God determined in advance who would be saved and who would not.
 * dowry-a sum of money that the wifes family gave to the husband upon mariage
 * secular-worldly viewpoint
 * Cantebury- place where alot of tales from the renaissance were based
 * Peace of Augsburg- The end of religious warfare in Germany in 1555

- Secularism- ideas- - Ties to the Greek and Roman world - Ability of the individual is realized - Rebirth -1350-1550 - Urban society -secular or worldly views rose - High regard for human life - Recovery of plague, politicaly instability and church decline 1. Milan -richest -on main trade routes -efficient tax system 2. Venice -trade -small group of wealthy merchants ran the town 3. Florence -small but wealthy group of merchants -trade -Medici family rule
 * 3. Important topics:**
 * Themes
 * 1) The improvement of this life by material means.
 * 2) That [|science] is the available Providence of man.
 * 3) That it is good to do good. "Whether there be other good or not, the good of the present life is good, and it is good to seek that good"
 * Italian Renaissance
 * Humanism- the study of things that promote classical world, lifestyle, literature, and art.
 * Catholic Reformation
 * 1) Ignatius - created the Jesuits, a group that spread the message of the Catholic church
 * 2) Papacy
 * 3) Council of Trent
 * Italian States

- the renaissance man (artist, [|inventor], and scientist)
 * 4. Key actors: **
 * Leonardo da Vinci
 * Niccolo Machiavelli - wrote the book The Prince, it how to acquire and keep political power in the Western world.
 * Christine de Pizan - frenchwoman who is best known for her works written in defense of women. Wrote The Book of the City of Ladies, in 1404. She argued that women could learn as well as men if they could attend the same schools.
 * Michelangelo -accomplished painter, sculptor, and architect, was a master of art. His best known project was the figures on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome.
 * John Calvin - in 1536 published Institutes fo the Christian Religion, a summary of Protestan thought. He believed in the doctrine justification by faith alone to explain how humans achieved salvation.
 * King Henry VII - wanted to divorce his wife, Catherine of Aragon, because she didn't give him a son. It was against the church's beliefs so King Henry pushed for a break of the Catholic Church in England

5. Timeline:
 * 1350-1550 Time of Italian Renaissance